生物脱硫在午夜黄色视频在线观看工程里越来越常见，运行成本低、不产生二次污染，是它的核心优势。但不少项目投运几个月后脱硫效率明显下滑，排查下来，问题不在设备，在菌种被了。

Biological desulfurization is becoming increasingly common in biogas engineering, with low operating costs and no secondary pollution, which are its core advantages. But after several months of operation, the desulfurization efficiency of many projects has significantly declined. After investigation, the problem is not with the equipment, but with the suppression of bacterial strains.

生物脱硫靠的是硫杆菌，不是靠药剂。

Biological desulfurization relies on sulfur bacteria, not chemicals.

生物脱硫的原理是利用硫杆菌这类微生物，把硫化氢氧化成单质硫或硫酸盐。这些菌种需要适宜的环境才能保持活性：温度、pH值、溶解氧、营养盐，每一项都有适宜区间。脱硫效率下降，往往是某个参数跑出了菌种的耐受范围，而不是设备本身坏了。

The principle of biological desulfurization is to use microorganisms such as sulfur bacteria to convert sulfur dioxide into elemental sulfur or sulfate. These bacterial strains require a suitable environment to maintain their activity: temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, each with a suitable range. The decrease in desulfurization efficiency is often due to a parameter exceeding the tolerance range of the bacterial strain, rather than the equipment itself being damaged.

pH值是非常容易失控的参数。

PH value is the most easily uncontrollable parameter.

硫化氢氧化成硫酸盐的过程中会产生酸，如果碱度补充不及时，循环液的pH值会持续下降。硫杆菌适宜的pH范围在6.5到8.0之间，低于6.0时活性明显受，低于5.0时菌种大量死亡。很多项目脱硫效率骤降，就是因为碱液投加系统出问题或者碱度监测滞后，等发现的时候菌种已经损失了。恢复需要重新培养，周期不短。

During the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to sulfate, acid is produced. If the alkalinity is not replenished in time, the pH value of the circulating liquid will continue to decrease. The suitable pH range for sulfur bacteria is between 6.5 and 8.0. When it is below 6.0, its activity is significantly inhibited, and when it is below 5.0, the bacteria die in large numbers. Many projects experience a sudden drop in desulfurization efficiency due to problems with the alkali solution feeding system or delayed alkalinity monitoring, resulting in the loss of bacterial strains by the time they are discovered. Recovery requires re cultivation, and the cycle is not short.

溶解氧和营养盐，是另一个平衡点。

Dissolved oxygen and nutrients are another equilibrium point.

生物脱硫需要微氧环境——氧气太多，硫化氢被化学氧化而不是生物氧化，硫单质产量下降；氧气太少，菌种缺氧，氧化能力不足。营养盐方面，氮、磷、微量元素要按比例补充，缺了明显一种，菌种繁殖速度就慢下来。有项目为了省成本，营养盐投加断断续续，短期看不出问题，长期运行菌种浓度就上不去。

Biological desulfurization requires a micro oxygen environment - too much oxygen leads to chemical oxidation of hydrogen sulfide instead of biological oxidation, resulting in a decrease in sulfur production; Too little oxygen, bacteria lack oxygen, and oxidation ability is insufficient. In terms of nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus, and trace elements should be supplemented in proportion. Without any of them, the growth rate of bacterial strains will slow down. In order to save costs, there are projects where the addition of nutrients is intermittent and there is no problem in the short term, but the concentration of bacterial strains cannot be increased in the long run.

进气波动对菌种的冲击，比想象中大。

The impact of intake fluctuations on bacterial strains is greater than expected.

午夜黄色视频在线观看产量和硫化氢浓度不是恒定的。养殖场清粪周期、餐厨垃圾成分变化，都会导致进气负荷波动。负荷突然升高时，菌种来不及繁殖，多余的硫化氢就穿透了；负荷突然降低时，菌种缺乏“食物”，活性也会下降。有的项目在进气端设缓冲气柜，就是为了平抑这种波动，给菌种一个相对稳定的运行环境。

The biogas production and hydrogen sulfide concentration are not constant. The cleaning cycle of livestock farms and changes in the composition of kitchen waste can cause fluctuations in air intake load. When the load suddenly increases, the bacteria cannot reproduce in time, and excess hydrogen sulfide penetrates; When the load suddenly decreases, the strain lacks "food" and its activity will also decrease. Some projects install buffer gas holders at the intake end to smooth out such fluctuations and provide a relatively stable operating environment for bacterial strains.

温度控制不能只靠自然散热。

Temperature control cannot rely solely on natural heat dissipation.

硫杆菌对温度敏感，适宜范围通常在25到35℃之间。冬季气温低，如果没有加热保温措施，菌种活性下降，脱硫效率跟着掉。夏季气温高，循环液温度上升，溶解氧降低，同样影响菌种。生物脱硫系统需要配套温度调节装置，不能靠天吃饭。

Thiobacillus is sensitive to temperature, and the suitable range is usually between 25 and 35 ℃. In winter, the temperature is low. Without heating and insulation measures, the activity of bacterial strains decreases and the desulfurization efficiency decreases. The high temperature in summer leads to an increase in circulating liquid temperature and a decrease in dissolved oxygen, which also affects bacterial strains. The biological desulfurization system requires a temperature regulation device and cannot rely on the weather for survival.

菌种流失是隐性问题。

The loss of bacterial strains is an implicit problem.

循环液中的菌种会随排液流失，如果补液时没有同步补充菌种，系统内的菌种浓度会逐渐下降。表现是脱硫效率缓慢下滑，而不是突然失效。定期监测菌种浓度或者定期补充接种，是维持长期稳定运行的必要措施。

The bacterial strains in the circulating fluid will be lost with the discharge. If the bacterial strains are not replenished synchronously during the fluid replenishment, the concentration of bacterial strains in the system will gradually decrease. The manifestation is a slow decline in desulfurization efficiency, rather than sudden failure. Regularly monitoring the concentration of bacterial strains or supplementing vaccinations is a necessary measure to maintain long-term stable operation.

生物脱硫的选型逻辑很清晰：pH值控制在6.5-8.0之间，碱度补充要跟上；溶解氧和营养盐按菌种需求投加；进气波动大的项目配缓冲气柜；温度控制在适宜区间；定期补充菌种。设备是载体，菌种是核心，环境参数管住了，脱硫效率才稳得住。

The selection logic of biological desulfurization is very clear: the pH value should be controlled between 6.5-8.0, and the alkalinity supplement should keep up; Dissolved oxygen and nutrients are added according to the requirements of the bacterial strain; Equip buffer gas cabinets for projects with large intake fluctuations; Temperature control within an appropriate range; Regularly supplement bacterial strains. Equipment is the carrier, bacterial strains are the core, and only when environmental parameters are controlled can desulfurization efficiency be stable.